Reconstruct geological processes from a crystal's real structure and trace element chemistry. 

Understand the electronic structure of a material or device and the recombination processes.

Interrogate optical processes and light-matter interactions far below the optical diffraction limit.

Interrogate the optical and electronic properties of functional ceramics.

Use the electron beam as a nanoscale excitation source for Cherenkov and transition radiations.

Utilize the luminescence signature rapidly map organic molecules with sub-100 nm spatial resolution.